Liquid fuel burner



' Oct. 6, 1931. M. GOOD 1,826,423

LIQUID FUEL BURNER Filed June 3, 1926 l im ` 1 i'lf' "'V l L v u e @i l Q gVENToR 3 B y WM A W Y Patented oct. 6, y1931 ivrrcnnreeon, or GARDEN crrY, NEW YORK, Assis/NOR 'ro Gooi) rNvEN'rIoNs oo., oF Newv YORK, N. Y., AcoRPoRATIoN or NEW YORK LIQUID FUELRURNRR Application led .June 3, 519261 Serial No. 113,385.

' The invention is an improvement in combustion `apparatus and'methods foriproduc- Aing or improving the charge mixture Vfor internal combustion engines and for.'V other uses; .The object is tojprovide greater certainty of eficient'operation than has hitherto been obtained in thisjclass'of apparatus, `and Y particularly as appliedf to Vthe carburetion vsystems of automobile engines.v To this end the inventioninvolves the provision ofa cornbustion chamber, wherein part only 'of-the admitted fuelr is permitted to burn, the burned and unburned' parts being. removed from the chamber separately and theunburned partg'or :apparent and moreparticularly defined inboth parts, being conductedl to the engine cylinders orY elsewhere foriconversion into'y work. The invention also' involves various other features 'related to andl independentv of theclaims. v Y

. Inthe accompanying drawingsV which il'- lustrate a preferred form of the invention- Fig. 1 is a sideelevation of a conventional automobile gasolene engine having the inven-y tion applied; f

Fig.2 a larger scale elevation of the suction VVburner and its appurtenant parts, shownas 'fais an attachment; I .n

1F ig..3 a cross-section on line III-III of Fig. 4 a detail of the burner` air admission valve, and f `r Fig. 5 an elevation'andl diagram-of a suitable form of operators control mechanism.V

Y 'The combustion apparatus is connected to the' engine intake 1 by means of an adapter fitting?J clamped betweenthe terminal-flange onthemanifold andamating flange onthe main carburetor 3, butit canbe built intothe manifold or into the` carburetor in various ways', as desired. The carburetory 3 may b e ofany usual or appropriatezdesign. The'en- Y gine suction transmitted throughthe adapter 44:5

causes the delivery of yair/and fuel into the combustion chamber in substantially'explosive proportions. .The liquid fuel is drawn from any suitable source,such as the fuel well 4, which nasa restricted passage, controlled by ya needle Valve, connecting it to the con-y ffrom'the gravityair valve 8 ,cient to constitute a completely combustible 'in veryfcold weather, kli `1uid-"iu el in the'incoming mixture so as to insure-ignition inthe combustion chamber. Ordinarily the use of this coil is stant level fuel/receptacle of the main Car- 'bureton 'through the well tube 5, together with some The f fuel is lifted from this well air from the air hole 6,'into the valve chamber where it is mixed with more air arriving (Fig. e), suflimixture. The air entering by this valve is subject to control by adjustment of the limit screw 9,y which limits the extent,to'which` the lvalve-proper may open; the weight of the valve-determines the suction effect which'acts konthe fuel. The mixture of fuel'and'air which is producedby this auxiliary carbuv'retor, is drawn through, apipe or otherform o'fip'assage10,andpasses thence, throughy the chamber' of a shut-ofi" valve, to anentrancejor sprayv chamber 12 and through a grid or screen '13 in the ybottom of this chamber into the combustion space, marked 14. AThe conivcal wire coil in this chamber is an electric resistanc'eor heater adapted to be energized,

to heat and vaporize the e not necessary, but its presence 1s desirable for emergency uses.

The mixture, whether of liquid, or vapor,

entering the combustion space 14 is ignited therein by a spark plug 16, or otherwise, lillingthe chamber with flame.

' There are two outlets from the combustion chamber, one of them, marked 417, carries off the flame or combustion products with little or no unburned fuel. The other, marked 18,

carries 'off a substantially dry, hot gaseous medium containing a considerable percentage of lunburned fuel `and air, and this is an engine-operating mixturein the sense that it is explosive and, in large enough quantity, could` operate the ,engine to the exclusion of other fuel. Flame is excluded from this passage either by the shape of the passageitself,

or yby a screen or bafHe- 19 which constitutes the entrance tothis outlet.v This screen is removable. The location of the screen and fuel-outlet, nearer'to the mixture entrance Y than to the outlet 17', enables it to take off more unburned fuel/than the latter; in fact it onstarting even Withouty increasingy the `richness ofthel car- ,buretor mixture. With lower gradef-uels its .usegvvilh of course, be more prolonged',but` l Y with ,engines in Which the exhaustv ygafszpheatl is., transmitted to theV intake, its 'periodrofuseV ris ordinarily idetermined by the timereouiredl,

I intended that noV unburned Vfuel Ashall fes-V cape from the ,outlet 17. Preferably the fuell outlet: 18j is placed directly opposite the fuel entrance. The two outlet passages,17 andY With'a sleeve or pipey section having a. ring of j holes therein affording entrance to the intake r'p'assage' in a 'familiar manner.'V `The admitted j medium'v consisting' of 'combustion producteny fuel vapor, or gas, and air, andbeing quite j hot, may if desired be used to thev exclusion of-Y mixture Vfrom* the Amain'carburetor v for loper.-I

ating the engine, When `idl`ing,'bit` ordinarily and preferably, this medium isz used .as a supi lement to the mixture fromthe main. car- Vuret'o'r mingling therewith, during idling as v*Well as under load, and raising its Iteinpera'-l ture and'correspondingly improving its comfbustibilityandalso improving its distribution to' the several, cylinders. `vto ,thel carburetor mixture has the eiectlof A increasing the idling-speed of the engine above the rate normally ,f producedY bykthe n jidling adjustment Qfthernain throttle21, lbecause it increasesthe total admission, and .is anfadvantage, inasmuch as it, serves-asian n 'indication'fto the voperator that the burner-is .A Working", that is tosay,

l1.1, aborreferred twigs Y Y e 4thelbfurner isreq'uire'd only for the rstfevv of driving and its effect iste k enable thev @eine te bapltlmdrfull load immediately vIts addition that the shut olf val-ve miles inthe coldest Weatherl and Vfor'theengine to"vvarni up.V `The v}; rincipjl'e of admitting hot. auxiliary engine operating rflieht() the'engine, coincidently with-the ad- Vmission-pof themaincarburetorand for the p ,.PlrPCSe alleva YeYfiOlailwfi 'is 1101'J .bm-diy ,the 1 subject of this invention, the saine being the ly varying conditiionsY of actual'use inautof` y in(ibileve'ngines,V that is V'to say, it'functions to; produce,instantaneous*delivery of an easily` Y'explodable, mixture to the engine cylinders 'notwithstanding v that theV cranking battery may beweakorjthe engine very-cold, or both, Y, or y the Yfuel V.poor ,in quality. .jy The A suction' gef;

2,v which latter is` provided open. o; Ordinarily inventionlof JohnjGoodjydisclosedin applica-f ltionSLern'. No.{4=5,068; In, that-application the] mixture of .,combustioniburner prrxilucts,` f ,aefllunbrmfli @Heim-OperatnefuelV passed tothe'` engine through ak single outlet, Where vthe present case 'the' burned. and-jun; Vburnedparts Vof the kburner 4'mixturepass Lfrom l,the combustion space ycfg-the burner through separate passages 17 and 1 8, as above Y arrangement has the ad-V vantage offgreater reliability under the Wide fectin an yengine intake may vary between as little as a few inchesof Waterto some/16 inches 'of mercury and under all these conditions, the present burner, by reason'of the division of its products, provides" an equable ,and proper temperature. rThe two outlet .passages-,17 and18 may 'bei connected independentlyV to the engine intake but for sinikplieitywof"structure they lare, converged finto the adapter;passaget), so' that they unite, at :this vpoi-ntv andl enter fthe intake.Y as, 'a Vsingle mixture. .No inflammation results from ,their .-junctinjand contacty even though the flame .Of the burner.l may extend moreor less 4\th'rough" the passage 17, but the resulting ineldiuni ybecomes in any case veryh'otand'cor- Y respondingly dry,- yand -fthereby excellently [adapted for transmission .through the inani- 'foldV branches, sothat even though the suc- ,ftion' efe'ct is veryfeeble, as Whenelectrically ,crankingA theenginel in cold Weather, Ythe first t explosion'ig .nevertheless quickly obtained.

The f shu't valve T11 isasiinple popp'et :valve ,loosely'mounted in al sliding head structure v129@andfjfarrangedto bejo'perated by a VBfovvfden?ivire 23: from aflever 2li mounted on. Vthe instrumentboarden at the operatorssta- ,tion,-.1 this lever isplaced in its upper- ;jniost position the shut olf .valve is` closed andY l`the'burnerinactive; i. lj f u According tothis invention,thesainele'ver instrument @which vcontro-ls j' ther-operation :the burner. also controls vthe choke, stran- ,gler or nprirner,"l fdeviceff25i of theI inain'-v car- "buretor, Y andafor this purpose has a YBowden i `Wire' connection 25 therevvith.- .O n the-'ordi nary operation of: the control `lever` from its uppermost yto itsginid position, Vas indicated Lin F ig. '15, this'choke connection is inoperaltive, butlif the leverv be depressedfto its lowerfmostposition, the Bowden Wire 26-draws its terminalbutt'on 27 (adjustable) against vthe 'lend'V of -the choker arinclosing vthe choker, thereby causing the' main carburetortok deliv- In this saine position the controlleyer :aj fcarn member Av2:8Vgiixedg thereon, serves toclose an electric switch 29, the circuito'f ivhich runs fromwthe storage battery to theheating Vcoil-15, as indicatedinFig-1,` and thence to ground throug`hv themetal. of the apparatus, Thus` When the control: instrument kis fully 'de-pressed, the? main A'car'buretorj*is .enriched and the vaporizingcoily is energized, produc-` ingfr a condition `fingvvhich the burner` is certainkv to operate Vand 'the engine is certain to e pickup its cycle. The curvature'y of the cam Y piece 128 onv the lever hu'b', coacting -With the detent 'spring y3Q tends yto return the lever 24 to its mid-position as soonas released by the operator, so: that the special condition'jiust Y 4refer-red to obtains'only as klong as theoperator holds the lever depressed. 'vlheV .saine spring 30 serves "as a friction detent tot hold `er'airexcessively `rich rnixtureto the engine. (410 ies,

the lever in its uppermost position in which gli) pointed out therein.V

fthe shut olf valve. is closed. y

r'lhe ignition circuit e Afor, energizing the spark plug is not indicated in the drawings,

'-butwill beunderstood to be derived from the usual engine spark coilor distributor headr in the manner customary for suction burners; it is allowed to operatecontinuously although its igniting `function is completed vwhen theburner is first started. The engine crankingl motor is indicated conventionally in'v Fig; l but its circuit is omitted because well known'. lt Will, of course, be understood ythat this motor is energized coincidently With ,thel manipulation of the'operators control lever to create the initials'uction through the burner.

The mechanical design of the burner structure as `Well as the'control instrument are subject to'rivide lvariation Without sacrificing the advantages or departing from the principles which have been explained above and it is necessarily'modified in adapting the structure to different makes of automobiles. N o limitation to the specific structure or method herein shown is therefore toy be imputed from the appended claimsexcept as specifically l,I cla-im: Y i ,y

l., yli/lnrturepmducing apparatus comprising a combustion 'chamber provided with means for delivering a spray mixture there- 'into and having an outlet for said mixture therefrom opening througha screen, and provided With another 'outlet for said mixture, `the firstloutlet conducting a large portion ofunburned fuel and the second a large portion vof combustion products.

lvIixture-producing apparatus comprising a combustion chamber provided With an entraiice'chamber for fuel and air opening .tliereiiito through a screen and having an outlet therefrom opening through another screen, 'and also having another outlet, both leading to a common ydelivery conduit.

' in an internal combustion engine, a burner comprising a combustion chamber containing an igniter, means for admitting liquid fuel and air theretoin explosive proportions, an electric yvaporizer for such fuel, an igniter therefor, a control instrument at the, operators station and means whereby vsaid instrument controls said vaporizer and I the connection ofl said chamber to the engine combination of intake. f

Lf. ln an internal combustion engine, the

an engineintake having a carburetorv anc` asuction burner, said burner havingseparate connections to the intake for combustion products and unburned mixture respectively and a sliut-oifvalve adapted to control the deliver tlirouclisaid connections. -1 'y k5. In an iiiternal'combustion engine, the

il?" combination of an engine intake having a caroutlets,

rburetor, an auxiliary carburetor, means for `separating and burning pait of the mixture of the latter carburetor, a passage through which the unburned part of said mixture joins the mixture from the main carburetor and a control instrument at the operators station for controlling the loiv through said passage.

6, in an engine the combination with the carburetor, a suction burner connected to the intake, a valve controlling the floiv from the burner to the intake, a riche-ner for the carburetor and a single operating means for said valve and richener.

7. in an engine, the combination With the carburetor, a suction burner connected to the intake, a ricliener for the carburetor, a vaporiZer for the burner and single means for controlling said richener and vaporizer.

8. Mixtureproducing apparatus comprising a combustion space having means forcen- -tinuously ,admitting liquid fuel and air, in

the state of spray, an igniter for said spray,

Vseparate outletsvfrom said space connected to said intakeone of them, by its proximity to the point of spray entrance, being adapted to conduct substantially only combustible mixture from said space, and the other being sufficiently remote from'such entrance to con- 10. In an internal combustion engine, thek combination with the suction intake, of a liquidl fuel burner connected thereto and operated by tlie suction therein to produce a finely divided or spray mixture of air continuously entering space of said burner,

the combustion n y said space having tivo one of said outlets being in the path of said spray mixture and carrying olf a maj or proportion of unburned fuel and the other carrying a major proportion of burned products, both outlets being connected to said intake.

, 11. In an engine, the combination With the suction-intake, of a suction-operated liquid fuel burner comprising a combustion space having means for producing a spray stream ofliquidfuel and air continuously entering said space, separate outlets relatively remote from eachother and both connected to said Vint-ake,'landl an'electric igniter in said space situated in the path of between the flow` of said stream pointof fuel entrance and one of said outlets,

liquid fuel and admitting liquid'fuel and air to it, anV outlet i from said chambe'rglojcated close to said fuel burned fuel from said chamber Vto theeng'ine intake, said chambffjr` being` extended laterally from the path of suoli unburned fueland forming'ra space for the'substantially com-l plete combustion ofthefuel 'therein and an outlet from the extended part o-f said space alsoleading to the engine intake.v

13.- ln' an enginev having a carburetor to supply its normal operating mixture, a suction burnerfhaving separateoutlets respectively for delivery of a major portion of un- `burned and burned fuel, both connected to discharge intov said normal; mixture, and

V`:means-foi-,coincidently shutting offboth deliveries.

` 14. ln an engine, a carburetor to supply the normal operating mixture,a suction burner dischargingitsproducts into said mixture, `and anoperators control instruinent,vonepo sition of which shuts off `the 'burner anda second-.position 'of which 'modifiesthe pro- Viniidzuie.,V 1 p K y l5., ln Vaiiiinternal:,combustionengine, an

portions of thefuel and airv in saidoperatingv intake, -nieans for furnishing' charge inix# "engine, acombustion space supplied with fuel i 16; `In angengine, two carburetors, a s'uc-V i tion burner supplied-by oneof them and vde- ;livering tothe engine intake,andr` means whereby vthe 'operator controls such delivery independently rof: the' other carburetor, said Aburner comprising a combustion chamber admission means and' 'adapted t yconduct uni and addingl them to` said: operating mixture. j 19'. vlVlixture-producingV yapparatus including a combustion space,

suitable chamber, removing therefrom some of suoli mixture before its complete combustion, separately; removing,l therefrom Vfthe products of combustion: therein, 1coiiib'iiiing suchv unb'uif'ned mixture andk said'v products 'means for Y continuously'adinittingfmixed liquid fuel and air fth'ereto', means Vfor 'continuously withdrawing Vair and the' other being relatively'remote froniseid means wlie're'co'mbu'stion'is mostly completed', and a conduit leading` the mixture from said firstf l'oca'tionto a 'place yfof combustiontherefor Y i ln, testiinor'iy whereof,VY l Yhave signed this specification Mienn'ileoon.

v ture/thereto comprising two carburetors, one supplying Anormal operating mixture lfor the' from theV other carburetor andhaving two Vwith two outlets'constituting the feonn'ection 'i yto the` intake` andfsaid 4outlets being respec-y tively organized to deliver ymostly Y combustion products Vand mostly unburned fuel vapor to the intake in supplement to said other carburetor.` "1 i l Y i l?. ,Theinethod of operatinginternal combustion engines which' consists in V supplying the same with a normal'mixture ofliquid fuel and air from asuitable carburetor, supplying an auxiliary mixture vto VVa suitable chamber yand :igniting it therein, separating unburned mixture lfrom, burned mixture in z vsaidchamber and adding such separated mix# `ture to said normalmixture supply.

Y 18V. `The method of operating internal v(,foinbustion engines which consists .in supplyingY iis i 'the same with an oper'afting inixtureofjfuel and air from" a suitable carburetor', ksupply ing and burning an auxiliary mixture in' a 

